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New Features
The following list informs you about the most important improvements in Nuendo and provides links to the corresponding descriptions.
This is the Operation Manual for Steinberg’s Nuendo. Here you will find detailed information about all the features and functions in the program.
Platform-Independent Documentation
The documentation applies to the operating systems Windows and macOS.
PDF Documents and Online Documentation
Documentation Structure
In our documentation, we divide information into three different types of topics, according to their content.
Conventions
In our documentation, we use typographical and markup elements to structure information.
Key Commands
Many of the default key commands, also known as keyboard shortcuts, use modifier keys, some of which are different depending on the operating system.
To use Nuendo, you must set up your audio, and if required, your MIDI system.
Studio Setup Dialog
The Studio Setup dialog allows you to set up your connected audio, MIDI, and remote control devices.
Setting up Audio
You must set up your audio equipment before you can use it in Nuendo.
Setting up MIDI
You must set up your MIDI equipment before you can use it in Nuendo.
Synchronizers
When using Nuendo with external tape transports, you must probably add a synchronizer to your system.
To play back and record in Nuendo, you must set up input and output busses in the Audio Connections window. Here, you can also set up group and FX channels, external effects, external instruments, and the Control Room.
Audio Connections Window
The Audio Connections window allows you to set up input and output busses, group and FX channels, external effects, and external instruments. Furthermore, you can use this window to access and configure the Control Room.
Renaming the Hardware Inputs and Outputs
Before you set up busses, you should rename the default inputs and outputs of your audio hardware. This allows you to transfer projects between different computers and setups.
Adding Input and Output Busses
You must add input and output busses to establish the connection between your audio hardware and Nuendo.
Adding Child Busses
Child busses allow you to route tracks to particular channels within a bus.
Presets for Input and Output Busses
For input and output bus configurations, you can use different kinds of presets.
Adding Group and FX Channels
Group channels and FX channels allow you to group bus configurations.
Monitoring Bus
In the Audio Connections window, you can set up the busses that are used for monitoring. From here, you can also activate/deactivate and open the Control Room.
External Instruments and Effects
You can integrate external effect devices and external instruments, for example, hardware synthesizers, into the sequencer signal flow.
Bus Configurations
After you have set up all the required busses for a project, you can edit the names and change port assignments. The bus configuration is saved with the project.
The Project window provides an overview of the project, and allows you to navigate and perform large scale editing.
Showing/Hiding Zones
You can show/hide the zones in the Project window according to your needs.
Project Zone
The project zone is the heart of the Project window and cannot be hidden.
Left Zone
The left zone of the Project window allows you to display the Inspector and the Visibility tabs.
Lower Zone
The lower zone of the Project window allows you to display specific windows and editors in an integrated and fixed zone of the Project window. This is useful if you work on single screen systems and notebooks, for example.
Right Zone
The right zone of the Project window allows you to display the VSTi rack, the Media rack, the Control Room rack, and the Meter rack.
Keyboard Focus in the Project Window
The different zones in the Project window can be controlled by key commands. For this to work, you must set the keyboard focus to the zone that you want to control by key commands.
Zooming in the Project Window
To zoom in the Project window, use the standard zoom techniques.
Snap Function
The Snap function helps you to find exact positions when editing in the Project window. It does this by restricting horizontal movement and positioning to certain positions. Operations affected by Snap include moving, copying, drawing, sizing, splitting, range selection, etc.
Snap Grid
In the Project window, and in some of the editors, you can have events, parts, and ranges snap to the grid.
Cross-Hair Cursor
The cross-hair cursor is displayed when working in the Project window and in the editors, facilitating navigation and editing, especially for large projects.
Edit History Dialog
The Edit History dialog contains a list of all your edits. This allows you to undo any actions in the Project window as well as in the editors.
Color Handling
You can colorize events and tracks in Nuendo. This contributes to an easier overview in the Project window.
In Nuendo, projects are the central documents. You must create and set up a project to work with the program.
Creating New Projects
You can create empty projects or projects that are based on a template.
Hub
Hub keeps you up to date with the latest information and assists you with organizing your projects.
New Project Dialog
When you deactivate the Hub and create new projects, the New Project dialog opens. This dialog allows you to create new projects which can either be empty or based on a template.
Project Files
A project file (extension *.npr) is the central document in Nuendo. A project file contains references to media data that can be saved in the project folder.
Template Files
Templates can be a good starting point for new projects. Templates are projects where you can save all settings that you regularly use, such as bus configurations, sample rates, record formats, basic track layouts, VSTi setups, drum map setups, etc.
Project Setup Dialog
The Project Setup dialog allows you to make general settings for your project.
Opening Project Files
You can open several saved project files at the same time.
Saving Project Files
You can save the active project as a project file. To keep your projects as manageable as possible, make sure that you save project files and all related files in the respective project folders.
Reverting to the Last Saved Version
You can return to the last saved version and discard all changes that have been made.
Choosing a Project Location
You can specify a project location for saving projects in the Hub.
Self-Contained Projects
To share your work or to transfer it to another computer, your project must be self-contained.
Tracks are the building blocks of your project. They allow you to import, add, record, and edit parts and events. Tracks are listed from top to bottom in the track list and extend horizontally across the Project window. Each track is assigned to a particular channel strip in the MixConsole.
Track Inspector Settings Dialog
The Track Inspector Settings dialog allows you to configure the visibility settings of the individual Inspector sections for each track type. You can also specify the order of the sections.
Track Controls Settings Dialog
The Track Controls Settings dialog allows you to configure which track controls are displayed in the track list. You can also specify the order of controls and group controls so that they are always shown adjacent to each other.
Add Track Dialog
The Add Track dialog allows you to set up and add tracks.
Audio Tracks
You can use audio tracks for recording and playing back audio events and audio parts. Each audio track has a corresponding audio channel in the MixConsole. An audio track can have any number of automation tracks for automating channel parameters, effect settings, etc.
Instrument Tracks
You can use instrument tracks for dedicated VST instruments. Each instrument track has a corresponding instrument channel in the MixConsole. An instrument track can have any number of automation tracks.
Sampler Tracks
You can use sampler tracks for controlling the playback of audio samples via MIDI. Each sampler track has a corresponding channel in the MixConsole. A sampler track can have any number of automation tracks.
MIDI Tracks
You can use MIDI tracks for recording and playing back MIDI parts. Each MIDI track has a corresponding MIDI channel in the MixConsole. A MIDI track can have any number of automation tracks.
Group Channel Tracks
You can use group channel tracks to create a submix of several audio channels and to apply the same effects to them. A group channel track contains no events as such, but displays settings and automation for the corresponding group channel.
FX Channel Tracks
You can use FX channel tracks for adding send effects. Each FX channel can contain up to eight effect processors. By routing sends from an audio channel to an FX channel, you send audio from the audio channel to the effects on the FX channel. You can place FX channel tracks in a special FX channel folder, or in the track list, outside an FX channel folder. Each FX channel has a corresponding channel in the MixConsole. An FX channel track can have any number of automation tracks.
VCA Fader Track
You can use a VCA fader track to add VCA faders to your project.
Marker Track
You can use marker tracks to add and edit markers that help you locate positions quickly.
Ruler Track
You can use ruler tracks to show several rulers with different display formats for the timeline. This is completely independent from the main ruler, as well as from rulers and position displays in other windows.
Folder Tracks
Folder tracks function as containers for other tracks, making it easier to organize and manage the track structure. They also allow you to edit several tracks at the same time.
Tempo Track
You can use the tempo track to create tempo changes within a project.
Signature Track
You can use the signature track to add and edit signature events, and to set up click patterns for them. The background of a signature track always displays bars. This is independent of the ruler display format setting.
Arranger Track
You can use the arranger track for arranging your project by marking out sections and determining in which order they are to be played back.
Transpose Track
You can use the transpose track to set global key changes.
Loudness Track
You can use the loudness track to record and display the loudness of your whole project or of specific sections.
Chord Track
You can use the chord track for adding chord and scale events to your project. These can transform the pitches of other events.
Video Tracks
You can use video tracks to play back video events. Video files are displayed as events/clips on the video track, with thumbnails representing the frames in the film.
Tracks are the building blocks of your project. In Nuendo, events and parts are placed on tracks.
Adding Tracks via the Add Track Dialog
You can add tracks via the Add Track dialog.
Adding Tracks Using Track Presets
You can add tracks based on track presets. Track presets contain sound and channel settings.
Adding Tracks by Dragging Files from the MediaBay
You can add tracks by dragging files from the MediaBay.
Track Import from Projects or Track Archives
You can import tracks from other Nuendo or Cubase projects or track archives. This allows you, for example, to import premixed tracks or stems to your active project, or to reuse the mix settings of a previous project for a new song.
Track Export
You can export selected tracks as track archives. This is useful if you want to use specific tracks in other projects, for example.
Exporting MIDI Tracks as Standard MIDI Files
You can export MIDI tracks as standard MIDI files. This allows you to transfer MIDI material to virtually any MIDI application on any platform.
Splitting Multi-Channel Audio Tracks
You can split multi-channel tracks, such as stereo or surround, into several mono tracks. This is useful if you want to use the tracks in an application that only supports mono tracks or if you want to edit individual channels of a multi-channel file.
Merging Mono Audio Tracks to Multi-Channel Tracks
Converting mono tracks to multi-channel tracks makes editing and mixing more convenient.
Removing Selected Tracks
You can remove selected tracks from the track list.
Removing Empty Tracks
You can remove empty tracks from the track list.
Moving Tracks in the Track List
You can move tracks up or down in the track list.
Renaming Tracks
You can rename tracks.
Automatically Assigning Colors to New Tracks/Channels
You can automatically assign colors to newly added tracks or channels.
Showing Track Pictures
You can add pictures to tracks to recognize your tracks. Track pictures are available for audio, instrument, MIDI, FX channel, and group channel tracks.
Setting the Track Height
You can enlarge the track height to show the events on the track in detail, or you can decrease the height of several tracks to get a better overview of your project.
Selecting Tracks
You can select one or multiple tracks in the track list.
Deselecting Tracks
You can deselect tracks that are selected in the track list.
Duplicating Tracks
You can duplicate a track with all of its contents and channel settings.
Disabling Tracks
You can disable audio, instrument, MIDI, and sampler tracks that you do not want to play back or process at the moment. Disabling a track zeroes its output volume and shuts down all disk activity and processing for the track.
Freezing Multiple Tracks
You can freeze multiple selected audio, instrument, or sampler tracks.
Organizing Tracks in Folder Tracks
You can organize your tracks in folders by moving tracks into folder tracks. This allows you to perform editing on several tracks as one entity. Folder tracks can contain any type of track, including other folder tracks.
Handling Overlapping Audio
The basic rule for audio tracks is that each track can only play back a single audio event at a time. If two or more events overlap, only the one that is in the front is played back. You can, however, select the event/region that you want to play back.
Track Folding Menu
You can show, hide, or invert tracks that are displayed in the Project window event display. This allows you to divide the project into several parts by creating several folder tracks for the different project elements and showing/hiding their contents by selecting a menu function or using a key command. You can also fold in automation tracks this way.
Events Display on Folder Tracks
Closed folder tracks can display data of the contained audio, MIDI, and instrument tracks as data blocks or as events.
Modifying Event Display on Folder Tracks
You can modify the event display on folder tracks.
Lanes, Takes, and Overlapping Events
In the following, we focus on cycle recordings with takes. However, you can also apply lane operations and comping methods to overlapping events or parts that you assemble on one track.
Defining the Track Time Base
The time base of a track determines if the events on a track are positioned to bars and beats (musical time base) or to the timeline (linear time base). Changing the playback tempo affects only the time position of events on tracks with a musical time base.
Track Versions
Track versions allow you to create and manage multiple versions of events and parts on the same track.
Track Presets
Track presets are templates that can be applied to newly created or existing tracks of the same type.
Parts and events are the basic building blocks in Nuendo.
Events
In Nuendo, you can view and edit most event types on their specific tracks in the Project window.
Parts
Parts are containers for MIDI or audio events and for tracks.
Editing Techniques for Parts and Events
This section describes techniques for editing in the Project window. If not explicitly stated, all descriptions apply to both events and parts, even though we use the term event for convenience.
Editing in the Project window is not restricted to handling whole events and parts. You can also work with selection ranges, which are independent from the event/part and track boundaries.
Creating a Selection Range
Creating Different Selection Ranges
You can create 2 different selection ranges (selection A and selection B) and switch between these. Activating one of the options selects the corresponding selection and causes the event display to switch between the two locations.
Editing Selection Ranges
You can edit selection ranges, that is, adjust their size, move or duplicate them, split them, etc.
Nuendo offers multiple methods and functions to control playback and transport.
Transport Panel
The Transport panel contains the main transport functions as well as many other options related to playback and recording.
Transport Menu
The Transport menu contains several transport functions as well as many other options related to playback and recording.
Transport Bar
The Transport Bar contains all transport functions in an integrated and fixed zone of the Project window.
Transport Pop-Up Window
The Transport pop-up window allows you to access specific transport commands if the Transport panel, the Transport Bar, and the Transport Controls in the Project window toolbar are closed or hidden.
Time Display Window
The Time Display window allows you to view the current time position in a separate window. You can adjust its size and specify the time format that you want to display.
Left and Right Locators
The left and right locators are a pair of markers that you can use as reference positions in the Project window and in the editors.
Setting the Project Cursor
You can set the project cursor to the position where you click, or to markers or other predefined positions.
Auto-Scroll Settings Menu
Auto-Scroll allows you to keep the project cursor visible in the window during playback.
Time Formats
You can set up different time formats.
Pre-Roll and Post-Roll
You can activate pre-roll and post-roll with the corresponding buttons in the Pre-roll & Post-roll section on the Transport panel or by selecting Transport > Pre-roll & Post-roll > Use Pre-roll/Use Post-roll.
Punch In and Punch Out
The punch in and the punch out points are a pair of markers that you can use for punch in and punch out of recordings. The punch in position determines the record start position and the punch out position determines the record stop position.
Metronome Click
You can use the metronome click as a timing reference for playing along and recording. The two parameters that govern the timing of the metronome are project tempo and the time signature.
Chase
Chase is a function that makes sure your MIDI instruments sound as they should when you locate to a new position and start playback. This is accomplished by the program transmitting a number of MIDI messages to your instruments each time that you move to a new position in the project, making sure all MIDI devices are set up correctly with regard to program change, controller messages (such as MIDI volume), etc.
The On-Screen Keyboard allows you to play and record MIDI notes by using your computer keyboard or mouse. This is useful if you have no external MIDI instrument at hand and you do not want to draw in notes with the Draw tool.
Recording MIDI With the On-Screen Keyboard
You can use the On-Screen Keyboard to record MIDI in Nuendo.
On-Screen Keyboard Options
The On-Screen Keyboard offers different display modes as well as other options.
In Nuendo, you can record audio and MIDI.
Basic Recording Methods
The basic recording methods apply to audio and MIDI recordings.
Monitoring
In Nuendo, monitoring means listening to the input signal while preparing to record or while recording.
Audio Recording Specifics
Specific preparations and settings are required for audio recording.
MIDI Recording Specifics
Specific preparations and settings are required for MIDI recordings.
Remaining Record Time
The Max. Record Time displays the time that is left for recording.
Lock Record
The Lock Record function prevents you from accidentally deactivating record mode.
You can add audio and MIDI files to your project by importing them.
Audio File Import
You can import compressed and uncompressed audio files in a variety of different formats. You can also import audio from audio CDs or extract the audio of video files.
MIDI File Import
Nuendo can import standard MIDI files. This allows you to transfer MIDI material to and from virtually any MIDI application, on any platform.
Quantizing means moving recorded audio or MIDI and positioning it on the nearest grid position that is musically relevant. Quantizing is designed to correct errors, but you can also use it in a creative way.
Quantize Functions
The quantize functions are available in the Edit menu and in the Snap and Quantize sections of the Project window toolbar and the Sample Editor toolbar.
Quantizing MIDI Event Starts
You can quantize the MIDI event start positions.
Quantizing MIDI Event Lengths
You can quantize the MIDI event lengths.
Quantizing MIDI Event Ends
You can quantize the MIDI event end positions.
Quantizing Audio Event Starts
You can quantize the audio event start positions.
Quantizing Audio Event Lengths (AudioWarp Quantizing)
You can quantize an audio event or an audio selection range by applying time stretch to the content of the audio event.
Quantizing Multiple Audio Tracks
You can quantize multiple audio tracks at the same time.
Quantize Panel
The Quantize Panel allows you to define how to quantize audio or MIDI to the grid or to a groove. Depending on what method you choose, different parameters are shown.
Fades allow you to gradually increase or decrease the volume at the start or at the end of audio events or audio clips, and to create smooth transitions.
Event-Based Fades
You can create event-based fade ins and fade outs. These are calculated in real time when you play back audio events. You can create different fade curves for several events, even if they refer to the same audio clip.
Creating Clip-Based Fades
You can create and edit clip-based fade ins and fade outs using Direct Offline Processing. These fades are applied to the audio clip. Events that refer to the same clip receive the same fades.
Crossfades
Crossfades allow you to create smooth transitions for consecutive audio events on the same track. Crossfades are always event-based.
Auto Fades and Crossfades
Nuendo features an Auto Fade function that can be set either globally or separately for each audio track. Auto fades allow you to create smoother transitions between events by applying fade ins and fade outs with a length between 1 and 500 ms.
Event Envelopes
Event envelopes are volume curves for audio events. They allow you to create volume changes within the event, not only at the start or end.
The arranger functions in Nuendo allow you to work in a non-linear fashion. Using an arranger track allows you to specify how and when specific sections are played back, even for live performances. This way, you do not need to move, copy, and paste events in the Project window.
Adding Arranger Events on the Arranger Track
On the arranger track, you can add arranger events that define specific sections of the project.
Arranger Editor
The Arranger Editor allows you to set up arranger chains.
Setting up an Arranger Chain and Adding Events
In the Arranger Editor, you can set up arranger chains and add events to them.
Jump Mode
If you have set up an arranger track and play it back, you have live access to the playback order. This way, you can loop your arranger events with more flexibility regarding the length of the playback.
Arranging Music to Video
When you compose music for video, you can use arranger events to fill a specific video section with music.
The transpose functions for audio and MIDI in Nuendo allow you to change the pitches of audio and MIDI for playback without changing the actual MIDI notes or the audio.
Project Root Key
The Project Root Key allows you to transpose your project. Audio or MIDI events in your project use it as a reference.
Transpose Track
The transpose track allows you to transpose the entire project or sections of it. This function is useful if you want to create harmonic variations.
Keep Transpose in Octave Range
Keep Transpose in Octave Range on the transpose track keeps the transposition in the octave range.
Transpose on the Info Line
In the Project window info line, you can change the transpose value for individual parts or events.
Excluding Individual Parts or Events from Global Transpose
If you add global transposition, for example, by changing the root key or by creating transpose events, you can exclude specific events from being transposed. This is useful for drum and percussion loops or special effects (FX) loops.
Markers are used to locate certain positions quickly. There are two types of markers: position markers and cycle markers.
Position Markers
Position markers allow you to save a specific position.
Cycle Markers
By creating cycle markers, you can save any number of left and right locator positions as start and end positions of a range and recall them by double-clicking on the corresponding marker.
Showing/Hiding Marker Lines in the Project Window
You can activate/deactivate vertical marker lines that indicate marker positions on all tracks throughout the entire project. Marker lines are shown in the Project window event display. By default, marker lines are shown for the active marker track.
Showing/Hiding Marker Lines in the Key Editor
You can activate/deactivate vertical marker lines that indicate marker positions on all tracks throughout the entire project. Marker lines are shown in the event display for global tracks in the Key Editor. By default, marker lines are shown for the active marker track.
Markers Window/ADR Window
In the Markers window/ADR window, you can view and edit markers. The ADR section at the bottom allows you to perform ADR (Automated Dialogue Replacement) and language dubbing tasks.
Marker Track
Marker tracks are used for adding and editing markers.
Creating Markers from Selected Events
You can use event selections in the Project window to add position or cycle markers on a specified marker track. This function helps you, for example, to quickly create ADR markers for a selection of events or to create cycle markers for game audio assets for audio export.
Importing and Exporting Markers
Markers and marker tracks can be imported and exported.
The ADR section of the Markers window/ADR window allows you to perform ADR (Automated Dialogue Replacement) and language dubbing tasks.
ADR and Marker Selection
The ADR functionality makes extensive use of markers.
ADR Statuses
The ADR statuses are transport functions that were designed specifically for ADR tasks.
ADR Modes
Nuendo provides two ADR modes, automatic and Free Run mode, which use markers and the project cursor in different ways.
ADR Controls
The controls for the ADR functions are located at the bottom of the Markers window/ADR window.
ADR Setup
The ADR Setup dialog allows you to set up your ADR project.
Setting Up ADR Tracks
To use the available functions in the ADR section, you must set up your project first.
Setting Up the ADR Environment
Setting up your ADR environment includes importing files and defining takes, assigning ADR tracks, setting up the routing, configuring video overlays, and enabling automatic record for target tracks.
Rehearsing Takes
Before you start the actual recording, you can activate Rehearse so that the dubbing artist can rehearse the take first.
Recording Takes
Reviewing Takes
You can play back a recorded take so that the director and the artist can review it.
ADR API Network Setup Dialog
The application programming interface ADR API allows third-party ADR software to interact with the marker and ADR functionality of Nuendo remotely. For this to work, you must connect the external ADR client to Nuendo, using the IP address and port which is displayed in the ADR API Network Setup dialog.
The MixConsole provides a common environment for producing mixes in stereo or surround. It allows you to control level, pan, solo/mute status, etc. for audio and MIDI channels. Furthermore, you can set up the input and output routing for multiple tracks or channels at the same time. You can undo/redo MixConsole parameter changes for an open project at any time.
MixConsole in Lower Zone
You can show a MixConsole in the lower zone of the Project window. This is useful if you want to access the most important MixConsole functions from within a fixed zone of the Project window. The MixConsole in the lower zone of the Project window is a separate MixConsole that does not follow any visibility changes you perform in the MixConsole window.
MixConsole Window
You can open the MixConsole in a separate window.
VCA faders serve as remote controls for channel faders in the MixConsole.
VCA Fader Settings
VCA fader channels are different from the default fader channels.
Creating VCA Faders in the MixConsole
You can create VCA faders in the MixConsole.
Nested VCA Faders
VCA faders can control other VCA faders.
VCA Fader Automation
VCA fader automation affects the volume automation of the connected channels.
VCA Rack
The VCA rack allows you to connect channels to VCA faders. You can also let VCA faders control other VCA faders.
The Control Room allows you to divide the studio environment into the performing area (studio) and the engineer/producer area (control room).
Adding Channels to the Control Room
To be able to use the Control Room, you must first add the channels that you need.
Output Routing
Exclusive Assignment of Monitor Channels
Generally, the port assignment to the Control Room channels is exclusive. However, it can be useful to create monitor channels that share device ports with each other as well as inputs and outputs. This can be helpful if you use the same speakers as a stereo pair and also as the left and right channels of a surround speaker configuration, for example.
Control Room Channels
Each Control Room channel type that you create defines an input or output of the Control Room.
Control Room - Main Tab
The Control Room Main tab displays information and controls for the channels that you define on the Control Room tab in the Audio Connections window.
Control Room - Inserts Tab
The Control Room Inserts tab contains additional settings for the channels.
Setting up a Cue Mix
You can create a cue mix from the fader and pan levels that are used in the MixConsole and change them to meet the needs of the individual performers.
Adjusting the Overall Cue Send Level
You can adjust multiple send levels for the cue send mix at the same time, keeping the blend intact while lowering the overall volume. This is sometimes necessary, because the levels in the main mix are often optimized for the loudest possible signal level without clipping.
Nuendo provides a master meter that works as a multi-channel true peak meter and a loudness meter that allows you to measure the loudness in compliance with the loudness recommendation R 128 of the European Broadcasting Union (EBU).
Metering
Nuendo provides a master meter and a loudness meter that can be displayed in the right zone of the Project window and the MixConsole, or in a separate window in the Control Room.
Loudness Track
The loudness track allows you to record the loudness of your whole project or of specific sections.
Normalizing Loudness on Export
You can normalize your audio to the integrated loudness on export. However, this is only suited for small level deviations and does not compensate for proper mixing.
Nuendo comes with a number of included effect plug-ins that you can use to process audio, group, and instrument channels.
Insert Effects and Send Effects
You can apply effects to audio channels by using insert effects or send effects.
Insert Effects
Insert effects can be inserted in the signal chain of an audio channel. This way, the whole channel signal passes through the effect.
VST Effect Selector
The VST effect selector allows you to select VST effects from the active collection.
Send Effects
Send effects are outside the signal path of an audio channel. The audio data to be processed must be sent to the effect.
Side-Chaining
Many VST 3 effects support side-chaining. Side-chaining allows you to use the output of one track to control the action of an effect on another track.
Dither Effects
Dither effects allow you to control the noise produced by quantization errors that can occur when you mix down to a lower bit depth.
External Effects
You can integrate external effect devices into the sequencer signal flow by setting up external FX busses.
Effect Control Panel
The effect control panel allows you to set up the effect parameters. The contents, design, and layout of the control panel depend on the selected effect.
Effect Presets
Effect presets store the parameter settings of an effect. The included effects feature a number of presets that you can load, adjust, and save.
System Component Information Window
The System Component Information window lists all available MIDI plug-ins, audio-codec plug-ins, program plug-ins, project import-export plug-ins, and the virtual file system plug-ins.
Direct Offline Processing allows you to instantly add plug-in effects and audio processes to the selected audio events, clips, or ranges, without destroying the original audio.
Direct Offline Processing Workflow
You can perform offline processing operations in the Direct Offline Processing window. The window always shows the processing of the selected audio.
Direct Offline Processing Window
The Direct Offline Processing window allows you to instantly add, modify, or delete audio processing for one or multiple events, clips, or selection ranges in one window. Furthermore, you can undo any audio processing, at any point and in any order.
Built-In Audio Processes
Nuendo provides several built-in audio processes that can be used for Direct Offline Processing.
Key Commands for Direct Offline Processing
You can apply offline processing by using key commands.
In Nuendo, time-stretching and pitch-shifting algorithms are used for offline processes, in the Sample Editor, or for the Flattening Realtime Processing function. Depending on the feature, élastique, MPEX, or Standard algorithm presets are available.
élastique
The élastique algorithm is suited for polyphonic and monophonic material.
MPEX
MPEX is an alternative high-quality algorithm.
Standard
The Standard algorithm is optimized for CPU-efficient realtime processing.
Limitations
Applying time stretching or pitch shifting to audio material can lead to a degradation in audio quality and to audible artifacts. The result depends on the source material, the particular stretch and pitch operations applied, and the selected audio algorithm preset.
Nuendo offers particular functions for analyzing the audio in your project.
Detect Silence Dialog
The Detect Silence dialog allows you to search for silent sections in events. Alternatively, you can search for sections that do not contain dialogue content. You can split events and remove the silent parts from the project, or create regions corresponding to the non-silent or dialogue sections.
Spectrum Analyzer Window
The Spectrum Analyzer window displays the audio spectrum of an event, clip, or selection range as a two-dimensional graph, with frequency range on the x-axis and level distribution on the y-axis.
Statistics Window
The Statistics function analyzes the selected audio events, clips, or selection ranges.
Game Audio Connect makes it easy to transfer game audio assets to game audio engines or middleware, such as Audiokinetic’s Wwise. As a sound designer, you create and edit game audio assets in Nuendo and directly transfer them to your game audio engine.
Perforce Integration
Game Audio Connect provides a Perforce integration that allows version control for Nuendo projects and supports password-based and ticket-based authentication.
Game Audio Connect Window
The Game Audio Connect window is the interface between the game audio engine and Nuendo. It displays the connected game audio engine and the selected audio asset. The Game Audio Connect window is a drop zone for drag and drop, render, and export operations.
Game Audio Connect Settings Dialog
The Game Audio Connect Settings dialog allows you to connect your game audio engine to Nuendo.
Setting Up Game Audio Connect for Network Communication
If Nuendo and your game audio engine run on different computers, you can use the Game Engine Connection Settings dialog to establish a network connection. In such a network connection, Nuendo serves as host.
Rearrange Audio Assets for Editing
You can rearrange multiple events on a track at the same time so that they are at a specified distance from each other.
Rename Audio Assets
You can rename multiple audio events, audio parts, and MIDI parts that you recorded in Nuendo at once, so that they match the names of a script list, for example. This is useful if you produce dialogue assets for games.
Export Audio Assets to a Game Audio Engine
In Nuendo, you can render and export audio assets to your game audio engine.
The Sample Editor provides an overview of the selected audio event. It allows you to view and edit audio by cutting and pasting, removing, or drawing audio data, as well as by processing audio. Editing is non-destructive so that you can undo modifications at any time.
Sample Editor Toolbar
The toolbar contains tools for selecting, editing, and playing back audio.
Info Line
The info line shows information about the audio clip, such as the audio format and the selection range.
Overview Line
The overview line displays the whole clip and indicates which part of the clip is shown in the waveform display.
Sample Editor Inspector
The Inspector shows controls and parameters that allow you to edit the audio event that is opened in the Sample Editor.
Ruler
The ruler shows the timeline and the display format of the project, the project tempo grid.
Waveform Display
The waveform display shows the waveform image of the edited audio clip.
Range Editing
In the Sample Editor, you can edit selection ranges. This option is useful if you want to quickly edit or process a specific section in the audio waveform, or if you want to create a new event or clip.
Regions List
Regions are sections within an audio clip that allow you to mark important sections in the audio. You can add and edit regions for the selected audio clip in the regions zone.
Snap Point
The snap point is a marker within an audio event that can be used as a reference position.
Hitpoints mark musically relevant positions in audio files. Nuendo can detect these positions and create hitpoints automatically by analyzing onsets and melodic changes of the audio.
Calculating Hitpoints
When you add an audio file to your project by recording or by importing, Nuendo can automatically detect hitpoints.
Locating to Hitpoints in the Project Window
You can navigate through the hitpoints of an audio event in the Project window.
Slices
You can create slices from hitpoints, where each slice ideally represents an individual sound or beat of the audio.
Creating a Groove Quantize Preset
You can use hitpoints to create a groove quantize preset.
Creating Markers
You can create markers at hitpoint positions. This allows you to snap to hitpoint positions.
Creating Regions
You can create regions at hitpoint positions. This allows you to isolate recorded sounds.
Creating Events
You can create events at hitpoint positions.
Creating Warp Markers
You can create warp markers at hitpoint positions. This allows you to quantize audio based on hitpoint positions.
Creating MIDI Notes
You can create MIDI notes from hitpoints. This allows you to double, replace, or enrich drum hits by triggering sounds of a VST instrument.
Nuendo offers several functions that allow you to match the tempo of the audio in your project.
Algorithm Presets
You can select an algorithm preset that is applied for realtime playback and time stretching.
Stretching Audio Events to the Project Tempo
You can stretch audio loops to the project tempo.
Musical Mode
The Musical Mode allows you to tempo-match audio loops to the project tempo.
Auto Adjust
The Auto Adjust function is useful if you do not know the tempo of your audio file, or if the beat is not straight. It allows you to extract a definition grid from your audio. After that, you can tempo match the file to the project tempo with the Musical Mode.
Manual Adjust
The Manual Adjust function is useful if you need to manually modify the grid and the tempo of your audio file. This is the case if the extraction of a definition grid with the Auto Adjust function did not lead to satisfying results, for example.
Free Warp
The Free Warp tool allows you to correct the timing of individual positions in the audio material. This is useful if you want to synchronize audio to video.
Flattening Realtime Processing
You can flatten warp modifications. This is useful if you want to reduce the CPU load, optimize the sound quality of the processing, or apply any offline processing.
Unstretching Audio Files
You can remove realtime time stretching from audio events.
The VariAudio features in Nuendo allow you to edit pitch, and correct the timing and intonation of individual notes in monophonic vocal recordings.
VariAudio and Offline Processes
If you apply offline processes and edits that affect the length of audio files that contain VariAudio data, existing VariAudio data becomes invalid. We therefore recommend that you apply offline processing or edits before using the VariAudio features.
VariAudio Inspector Section
The VariAudio section allows you to edit individual notes of your audio file, to change their pitch or timing, and to extract MIDI from your audio.
Segments and Gaps
Nuendo automatically analyzes the audio and splits it into segments.
Sample Editor Piano Keyboard Display
The piano keyboard display is shown to the left of the note display in the Sample Editor if you open the VariAudio Inspector section.
Navigating and Zooming through Segments
You can navigate through the segments and zoom in on them.
Auditioning
You can audition the segments one by one or in a loop, or play them back from the beginning to the end.
Smart Controls
Each segment has smart controls that allow you to change the start and the end points of the segment and to perform pitch changes, volume editing, formant shifting, and timing modifications of the associated audio.
Segment Editing
Segment editing might be necessary if the original audio contains non-tonal portions of the analyzed audio, that is, signals or sections with unclear pitch information, such as consonants or effect sounds.
Selecting a Musical Scale for VariAudio Segments
The Scale Assistant suggests musical scales based on the note segments in the Sample Editor event display. You can select one of the suggestions and use it as a basis for further editing your project.
Using the Chord Track Data as a Musical Scale
The Scale Assistant can use the chord track data as a musical scale.
Pitch Changes
You can change the pitch of audio segments for corrective or creative purposes. By changing note pitches, you can change the melody of the original audio.
Timing Modifications
Modifying the timing of segments, or warping, is useful if you want to align a musical accent to a certain time position or change the timing of segments in monophonic recordings.
Showing MIDI Reference Tracks
You can use a MIDI track as a reference for your pitch and timing corrections.
Formant Shifting
Formants are the harmonic frequencies that occur in the human voice. They define the timbre and alter the perception of how a vocal is performed (more from the diaphragm than from the throat, for example). Formant shifting does not affect the pitch or the timing of a segment.
Editing Volume
You can raise, lower, or mute the volume of the audio for a segment.
Functions Menu
Harmony Voices for Audio
Nuendo allows you to quickly create harmonies for monophonic audio material.
The Audio Part Editor provides an overview of the selected audio parts. It allows you to view, audition, and edit parts by cutting and pasting, crossfading, drawing level curves, or by processing parts. Editing is non-destructive so that you can undo modifications at any time.
Audio Part Editor Toolbar
The toolbar contains tools for selecting, editing, and playing back audio parts.
Info Line
The info line shows information about the audio part, such as the start, the end, the length, or the time stretch algorithm.
Ruler
The ruler shows the timeline and the display format of the project.
Lanes
Lanes can make it easier to work with several audio events in a part. Moving some of the events to another lane can facilitate selecting and editing.
Operations
You can perform all operations in the Audio Part Editor window and in the lower zone editor.
Nuendo supports extensions such as Audio Random Access (ARA). Extensions allow you to integrate compatible programs as plug-ins into your DAW.
Activating Extensions for Audio Events
You can activate extensions, such as the ARA plug-ins Melodyne or SpectraLayers, for individual audio events.
Removing Extensions from Audio Events
You can remove extensions and edits from audio events.
Permanently Applying Extension Edits to Audio Events
You can permanently apply extension edits to audio events. Permanently applying extensions cannot be undone.
Activating Extensions for Audio Tracks
You can activate extensions, such as the ARA plug-ins Melodyne or SpectraLayers, for an audio track. All audio events on the audio track can be edited with that extension. Audio parts are ignored.
Removing Extensions from Audio Tracks
You can remove extensions and edits from audio tracks.
Permanently Applying Extension Edits to Audio Tracks
You can permanently apply extension edits to audio tracks. Permanently applying extensions cannot be undone.
Editor
In Nuendo, the user interface and the functions of a specific program that you activated as an extension are integrated in the Editor in the lower zone of the Project window.
Audio Event Editing
You can edit audio events in the Editor in the lower zone of the Project window and in the Project window event display.
The sampler track feature allows you to chromatically play back any audio from your audio sample library via MIDI. You can create and edit new sounds based on specific samples and integrate them into an existing project.
Loading Audio Samples into Sampler Control
You can load audio samples into Sampler Control by dragging.
Loading MIDI Parts into Sampler Control
You can load MIDI parts from instrument tracks or MIDI tracks into Sampler Control by dragging.
Creating Sampler Tracks
Sampler Control
If the sampler track is selected, Sampler Control is available in the lower zone of the Project window. Sampler Control allows you to view, edit, and play back samples or specific sections of the samples.
Sample Editing and Playback Functions
All sample editing in Sampler Control is non-destructive.
Transferring Samples from Sampler Control to VST Instruments
You can transfer audio samples to specific Steinberg VST instruments with any settings that you have made in Sampler Control.
Every time that you record on an audio track, a file is created on your hard disk. A reference to this file, a clip, is added to the Pool.
Pool Window
The Pool window allows you to manage the media files of the active project.
Working with the Pool
You can manage media files on your computer as well as presets from multiple sources from within the MediaBay or the Media rack.
Media Rack in Right Zone
The Media rack in the right zone of the Project window allows you to access the MediaBay functions from within a fixed zone of the Project window.
MediaBay Window
MediaBay Aspects
You can create configurations of the MediaBay window and save them as aspects. These can be recalled via the Media menu.
Working with Volume Databases
Nuendo saves all media file information used in the MediaBay, such as paths and attributes, in a local database file on your computer. However, in some cases, it is necessary to browse and manage this kind of metadata on an external volume.
MediaBay Settings
Nuendo provides integrated surround sound features with support for several formats. All audio-related channels and busses can handle multi-channel speaker configurations. A channel in the MixConsole can contain either complete surround mixes or an individual speaker channel as part of a surround setup.
Deliverables
A surround mix in Nuendo can be sent from the surround output bus to a recorder as multi-channel audio, or it can be exported to audio files on your hard disk.
Available Surround Channel Configurations
Nuendo supports several 2D and 3D surround channel configurations.
Preparations for Creating Surround Mixes
To prepare Nuendo for surround sound, you must define input and output busses in a surround format and specify which audio inputs and outputs are used for the different channels in the busses.
VST MultiPanner
The VST MultiPanner plug-in allows you to position a sound source in the surround field or to modify existing premixes. The plug-in distributes the incoming audio to the output surround channelsin various proportions.
MixConvert V6
MixConvert V6 is a plug-in that converts a multi-channel audio source into another multi-channel destination. It is most frequently used to downmix a multi-channel surround mix into a format with fewer channels, for example, a 5.1 surround mix into a stereo mix.
Surround Mix Export
Nuendo allows you to export a surround mix, using the Export Audio Mixdown function.
Object Audio in Nuendo
Nuendo provides a complete suite of tools for authoring, recording, mixing, and playing back object-based audio content, using the Audio Definition Model (ADM).
Ambisonics Mixes
Nuendo allows you to create 3D mixes in Ambisonics format for virtual reality (VR) or augmented reality (AR) content. You can use the integrated functions and plug-ins for spatial mixing or head-tracking monitoring, or use dedicated third-party plug-ins.
In essence, automation refers to recording values for a particular MixConsole or effect parameter. When you create your final mix, Nuendo can adjust this particular parameter control.
Automation Curves
Within a Nuendo project, the changes affecting parameter values over time are represented by curves on automation tracks.
Static Value Line
When you open an automation track for the first time, it does not contain any automation events. This is indicated by a dotted horizontal line, the static value line, in the event display. This line represents the current parameter setting.
Write/Read Automation
You can automation-enable tracks and MixConsole channels by activating their automation write W and read R buttons.
Writing Automation Data
You can create automation curves manually or automatically.
Editing Automation Events
Automation events can be edited in the same manner as other events.
Cleaning Automation
You can delete redundant automation points or unwanted automation spikes that are caused by editing automation points or inaccurate writing of automation data.
Automation Tracks
Most of the tracks in your project have automation tracks, one for each automated parameter.
Virgin Territory vs. Initial Value
For parameter automation, Nuendo either works with an initial value or with virgin territory.
Automation Panel
The Automation Panel is a floating window and can be left open while you work.
VST instruments are software synthesizers or other sound sources that are included with Nuendo. They are played internally via MIDI. You can add effects or EQ to VST instruments.
Adding VST Instruments
VST Instrument Control Panel
The VST instrument control panel allows you to set up the parameters of the selected instrument. The contents, the design, and the layout of the control panel depend on the selected instrument.
VST Instrument Selector
The VST instrument selector allows you to select VST instruments from the active collection.
Creating Instrument Tracks
You can create instrument tracks that contain dedicated VST instruments.
VSTi Rack in the Right Zone
The VSTi rack in the right zone of the Project window allows you to add VST instruments for MIDI and instrument tracks.
VST Instruments Window
The VST Instruments window allows you to add VST instruments for MIDI and instrument tracks.
VST Instruments Window Toolbar
The VST Instruments window toolbar contains controls that allow you to add and set up VST instruments and VST Quick Controls.
VST Instrument Controls
The VST instrument controls allow you to make settings for a loaded VST instrument.
Presets for Instruments
You can load and save presets for instruments. Presets contain all the settings that are required for the sound that you want.
Playing Back VST Instruments
After you have added a VST instrument and selected a sound, you can play back the VST instrument using the instrument or MIDI track in your project.
Latency
Latency stands for the time it takes for the instrument to produce a sound after you press a key on your MIDI controller. It can be an issue when using VST instruments in real time. Latency depends on your audio hardware and its ASIO driver.
Import and Export Options
Side-Chaining for VST Instruments
You can send audio into VST 3 instruments that support side-chaining. Side-chaining allows you to use the output of one track to control the action of an instrument on another track.
External Instruments
An external instrument bus is an input (return) to your audio hardware, along with a MIDI connection via Nuendo and additional settings.
Nuendo supports the VST 2 and VST 3 plug-in standards. You can install effects and instruments that comply with these formats.
Plug-ins and Collections
The VST Plug-in Manager shows the VST effects and VST instruments that are installed on your computer.
Adding New Plug-in Collections
You can add new collections of VST effects or VST instruments.
Hiding Plug-ins
You can hide plug-ins from all collections. This is useful if you have installed plug-ins on your computer that you do not want to use in Nuendo.
Reactivating Plug-ins from the Blocklist
You can reactivate 64-bit plug-ins that are on the blocklist.
Nuendo allows you to set up 8 different track parameters or settings as Track Quick Controls for quick access.
Parameter Assignment
You can assign track, effect, and instrument parameters to Quick Controls.
Controlling Automatable Parameters
You can use Quick Controls to control all automatable parameters. This allows you to control parameters on other tracks using Quick Controls.
MIDI Remote allows you to integrate and use third party MIDI controllers in Nuendo.
MIDI Remote Tab
The MIDI Remote tab in the lower zone of the Project window allows you to load scripts for MIDI controllers. It shows the layout of your controller and its control mappings to Nuendo parameters. All operations that you perform on the connected MIDI controller are displayed on the MIDI Remote tab.
Using Supported MIDI Controllers with MIDI Remote
The layout and the functions of supported MIDI controllers, that is, controllers with a script, are shown on the MIDI Remote tab in the lower zone of the Project window.
Other MIDI Controllers and MIDI Remote
You can also use MIDI controllers that do not have a ready-to-use script. For this purpose, you must create a custom controller surface.
Add MIDI Controller Surface Dialog
The Add MIDI Controller Surface dialog allows you to add a surface that corresponds to the layout of your MIDI controller.
MIDI Controller Settings Pane
The MIDI Controller Settings pane allows you to access the most important controller settings.
MIDI Remote Mapping Assistant
The MIDI Remote Mapping Assistant allows you to map the controls of your MIDI controller to functions in Nuendo.
MIDI Remote Manager Window
The MIDI Remote Manager window displays information about the connected MIDI controllers and the installed scripts.
MIDI Remote Script Console
The MIDI Remote Console displays script messages.
MIDI Remote API
The application programming interface MIDI Remote API allows you to develop a script, that is, a device driver for dedicated MIDI controllers.
You can control Nuendo with a connected MIDI device via MIDI.
Connecting Remote Devices
You can connect your remote device via USB or via MIDI.
Removing the Remote Input from All MIDI Inputs
To avoid that you accidentally record data from the remote device when you record MIDI, remove the remote input from All MIDI Inputs.
Setting up Remote Devices
Remote Devices and Automation
You can write automation via remote devices.
Assigning Commands to Remote Devices
You can assign any Nuendo command to which a key command can be assigned to remote devices.
Remote Control Editor
The Remote Control Editor allows you to define your own mapping of VST plug-in parameters to the controls of the supported hardware controllers. This is useful if you think that the automatic mapping of plug-in parameters to remote control devices is not intuitive enough.
Joysticks
You can use a joystick to remote-control panning operations in Nuendo. This can be useful for creating smooth automation curves, for example.
Track Quick Controls
VST Quick Controls
Generic Remote Page (Legacy)
You can use a generic MIDI controller to remote-control almost any function in Nuendo. After setting up the Generic Remote device, you can control the specified parameters via the MIDI remote device.
MIDI realtime means that you can change or transform MIDI events on MIDI or instrument tracks before they are sent to the MIDI outputs. This allows you to change the way MIDI data is played back.
MIDI Track Parameters
The MIDI track parameters are located in the topmost Inspector section for MIDI and instrument tracks.
MIDI Modifiers
MIDI modifiers allow you to modify MIDI events during playback.
MIDI Effects
MIDI effects allow you to transform the MIDI data played back from a track in real time.
Transpose and Velocity on the Info Line
You can edit the transposition and the velocity for selected MIDI parts on the info line. This only affects the notes in playback.
The MIDI Device Manager allows you to work with MIDI devices, that is, representations of external MIDI hardware.
Program Change Messages and Bank Select Messages
To select a patch, that is, a sound in your MIDI device you must send a program change message to that device.
Patch Banks
The Patch Banks list can have two or more main banks, depending on the selected device.
MIDI Device Manager
The MIDI Device Manager allows you to install preset MIDI devices or define new ones.
Device Panels
The MIDI Device Manager allows you to build device maps complete with control panels, including all parameters controllable from within Nuendo.
MIDI functions allow you to permanently edit MIDI events or MIDI parts in the Project window or from within a MIDI editor.
Transpose Setup Dialog
The Transpose Setup dialog contains settings for transposing the selected events.
Merging MIDI Events into a New Part
You can merge all MIDI events, apply MIDI modifiers and effects, and generate a new part.
Dissolve Part Dialog
You can separate MIDI events in a part according to channels or pitches and dissolve the part to different tracks or lanes.
Bouncing MIDI Parts
You can combine MIDI parts on different lanes to one MIDI part. This is useful if you want to reassemble a drum part that you dissolved to lanes, for example.
Repeating MIDI Events of Independent Track Loops
You can repeat the MIDI events inside an independent track loop to fill up a MIDI part. This is useful if you want to convert the events of an independent track loop to actual MIDI events.
Extending MIDI Notes
You can extend MIDI notes so that they reach the next notes.
Fixing MIDI Note Lengths
You can set the length of selected MIDI notes to the Length Quantize value.
Fixing MIDI Note Velocities
You can set the velocity of selected MIDI notes to the Note Insert Velocity value.
Rendering Sustain Pedal Data to Note Lengths
You can render sustain pedal data to note lengths. This is useful if you recorded MIDI data with a MIDI keyboard and a sustain pedal, and you want to extend the actual MIDI notes for as long as you held the pedal, in order to edit the notes later.
Deleting Overlaps
You can delete overlaps of notes that have the same or different pitches. This is useful if your MIDI instruments cannot handle overlapping events.
Editing Velocity
You can manipulate the velocity of notes.
Deleting Double Notes
You can delete double notes of the same pitch on the exact same position from selected MIDI parts. Double notes can occur when recording in cycle mode, after quantizing, for example.
Deleting Controller Data
You can delete controller data from selected MIDI parts.
Deleting Continuous Controller Data
You can delete continuous controller data from selected MIDI parts.
Restricting Polyphonic Voices
You can restrict polyphonic voices in selected MIDI notes or parts. This is useful if you have an instrument with limited polyphony and want to make sure all notes are played.
Thinning Out Controller Data
You can thin out controller data in selected MIDI parts. Use this to ease the load on your external MIDI devices if you have recorded very dense controller curves.
Extracting MIDI Automation
You can convert continuous controllers of your recorded MIDI parts into MIDI track automation data, so that you can edit them in the Project window.
Reversing the Playback Order of MIDI Events
You can invert the order of the selected events or of all events in selected part rhythmically. This causes the MIDI to play backwards. However, this is different from reversing an audio recording. The individual MIDI notes still play as usual, but the playback order changes.
Inverting the Order of Selected MIDI Events
This function inverts the order of the selected events, or of all events in the selected parts, graphically. Technically, this function turns a note-on message into a note-off message and vice versa, which can lead to rhythmic inaccuracies if the note-off position of a note has not been quantized.
Creating a Tempo Track from Tapping
You can create a complete tempo track based on your tapping.
There are several ways to edit MIDI in Nuendo. You can use the tools and functions in the Project window for large-scale editing or the functions on the MIDI menu to process MIDI parts in various ways. To manually edit your MIDI data on a graphical interface, you can use the MIDI editors.
Common MIDI Editor Functions
You can use the tools and functions within the MIDI editors to process MIDI parts in various ways.
Controller Display
The controller display is the area at the bottom of the Key Editor, the Drum Editor, and the In-Place Editor.
Key Editor
The Key Editor is the default MIDI editor. It displays notes graphically in a piano roll-style grid. The Key Editor allows for detailed editing of notes and non-note events, such as MIDI controllers.
Key Editor Operations
This section describes the principal editing operations within the Key Editor.
Drum Editor
The Drum Editor is the editor to use when you are editing drum or percussion parts.
Drum Editor Operations
This section describes the general editing operations within the Drum Editor.
Drum Maps
A drum kit in a MIDI instrument is most often a set of different drum sounds with each sound placed on a separate key. For example, the different sounds are assigned to different MIDI note numbers. One key plays a bass drum sound, another a snare, and so on.
List Editor
The List Editor shows all events in the selected MIDI parts as a list, allowing you to view and edit their properties numerically. It also allows you to edit SysEx messages.
List Editor Operations
This section describes the principal editing operations within the List Editor.
In-Place Editor
The In-Place Editor allows you to edit MIDI notes and controllers directly in the Project window, for quick and efficient editing in context with other tracks.
Expression maps allow you to set up a map for all your articulations. This allows you to audition a project including articulations.
Articulations
Musical articulations define how specific notes are sung or performed on a given instrument. They can also define the relative volume of notes or the changes in pitch.
Expression Map Setup Window
The Expression Map Setup window allows you to load, create, and set up expression maps.
Creating and Editing Expression Maps
Inserting Articulations
Note expression allows you to edit MIDI notes and their expressions as one unit.
VST Note Expressions
VST note expressions are note-specific. They are suitable for polyphonic contexts, as they allow you to edit the expression of each individual note in a chord.
MIDI Controllers
MIDI controllers are channel-specific, with the exception of poly pressure messages. They affect the entire voice, regardless of whether they are inserted for a part or a note.
Note Expression Inspector Section
The Note Expression Inspector section features most of the functions that you need to work with note expression.
Note Expression Tools
The note expression tools are available on the Key Editor toolbar.
Controller Mapping
Before you can record VST note expression events with external keyboards, you must map or assign specific MIDI controller messages, or pitchbend and aftertouch, or input movements to expressions.
Recording
You can record note expression data together with MIDI notes, or you can record note expression data for existing notes.
Note Expression Event Editor
The note expression event editor offers various modes for editing and adding note expression events.
Trimming Note Expression Data
You can trim note expression data to automatically match the note length.
Removing All Note Expression Data
You can delete all note expression data from the selected MIDI note or part.
Note Expression MIDI Setup Dialog
The Note Expression MIDI Setup dialog allows you to specify exactly which MIDI messages are used every time you record MIDI control change messages as note expression data or you convert them.
The chord functions provide you with many possibilities for working with chords.
Chord Track
The chord track allows you to add chord events and scale events.
Chord Events
Chord events are representations of chords that allow you to control or transpose playback on MIDI, instrument, and audio tracks.
Scale Events
Scale events inform you which chord events fit in a specific sequence of notes that belong to a specific root note.
Voicings
Voicings determine how chord events are set up. They define the vertical spacing and order of the pitches in a chord, but also the instrumentation and genre of a musical piece.
Converting Chord Events to MIDI
You can convert chord events to MIDI for further editing or for printing a lead sheet in the Score Editor.
Controlling MIDI or Audio Playback Using the Chord Track
You can use the chord track to control audio playback or MIDI playback.
Assigning Voices to Notes
You can transpose MIDI notes to match the voices of a selected voicing library.
Creating Chord Events from MIDI
You can extract chords from MIDI notes, parts, or tracks. This is useful if you have a MIDI file and want to show its harmonic structure, and use this file as starting point for further experimenting.
Creating Chord Events from Audio Events
You can extract chords from audio events. This is useful if you have an audio file and want to show its harmonic structure, and use this file as starting point for further experimenting.
Recording Chord Events with a MIDI Keyboard
You can use a MIDI keyboard to record chord events on the chord track.
Chord pads allow you to play with chords, and to change their voicings and tensions. In terms of harmonies and rhythms, they allow for a more playful and spontaneous approach to composition than the chord track functions.
Chord Pads Zone
The chord pads in the lower zone of the Project window hold all functions that you need to work with chord pads.
Functions Menu
Chord Assistant
The Chord Assistant allows you to use a chord as a starting point for suggestions for the next chord. It assists you in finding the right chords for creating a chord progression for your song.
Chord Assignment
Some chords are preassigned to the chord pads. But you can also assign your own chords.
Swapping Chord Assignments
You can swap the chord assignments of 2 pads.
Copying Chord Assignments
You can copy the chord assignment of one pad and paste it on another pad.
Playing Back and Recording Chords
You can play back and record chords that are assigned to chord pads using MIDI or instrument tracks.
Player Setup
The Player Setup allows you to select a player and a voicing setting that is typical for that kind of player, and determine if the notes of a chord are played as plain chords, as a pattern, or as sections.
Chord Pads Setup Dialog
The Chord Pads Setup dialog allows you to change the remote key assignments and the layout of the chord pads.
Chord Pads Presets
Chord Pads Presets are templates that can be applied to newly created or to existing chord pads.
Creating Chord Events from Chord Pads
You can use the chords assigned to the chord pads to create chord events in the Project window.
Creating MIDI Parts from Chord Pads
You can use the chords assigned to the chord pads to create MIDI parts in the Project window.
The Project Input Transformer is a powerful tool for search and replace functions on MIDI data.
Project Input Transformer Window Overview
The Project Input Transformer allows you to combine filter conditions, functions, and actions to perform very powerful MIDI processing.
Project Input Transformer Presets Browser
The presets browser of the Project Input Transformer allows you to load, save, and manage presets.
Project Input Transformer Filter Settings
The Event Target Filters list is where you set up the filters, determining which elements to find. The list can contain one or several filters, each on a separate line.
Project Input Transformer Functions
The Functions pop-up menu allows you to select the basic type of editing that you want to be performed.
Project Input Transformer Action Settings
Action Targets in the Event Transform Actions section allow you to select the property that is changed in the events. Actions are only available if you set the functions pop-up menu to Transform.
Project Input Transformer Operations
The Operation column allows you to determine what to do with the Action Target.
The Logical Editor is a powerful tool for search and replace functions on MIDI data.
Logical Editor Window Overview
The Logical Editor window allows you to combine filter conditions, functions, and actions to perform very powerful MIDI processing.
Logical Editor Presets Browser
The presets browser of the Logical Editor allows you to load, save, and manage presets.
Logical Editor Filter Settings
The Event Target Filters list allows you to set up the filters. You can add one or more filter lines to that list.
Logical Editor Functions
The Functions pop-up menu allows you to select the basic type of editing that you want to be performed.
Logical Editor Action Settings
Action Targets in the Event Transform Actions section allow you to select the property that is changed in the events. Actions are only available if you set the functions pop-up menu to Transform.
The Project Logical Editor is a powerful tool for search and replace functions in the Project window.
Project Logical Editor Window Overview
The Project Logical Editor window allows you to combine filter conditions, functions, actions, and macros to perform very powerful processing.
Project Logical Editor Presets Browser
The presets browser of the Project Logical Editor allows you to load, save, and manage presets.
Project Logical Editor Filter Settings
By setting up filters, you can determine which filter target, that is, what elements, you want to find.
Project Logical Editor Functions
The Functions pop-up menu allows you to select the basic type of editing that you want to be performed.
Project Logical Editor Action Settings
Action Targets in the Event Transform Actions section allow you to select the property that is changed in the events. Actions are only available if you set the functions pop-up menu to Transform.
Project Logical Editor Operations
The Operation column allows you to determine what to do with the Action Target.
Project Logical Editor Pre- and Post-Process Commands
You can set up commands and even macros that are executed before and after the actual target filters and actions.
You can set up a tempo and time signature for your project. By default, the tempo is set to 120 bpm, and the time signature to 4/4.
Project Tempo Modes
For every project you can set a tempo mode, depending on whether your music has a fixed tempo or if it changes throughout the project.
Track Time Base
The time base of a track determines if a track can follow the tempo changes of a project that is set to tempo track mode.
Tempo Track Editor
The Tempo Track Editor provides an overview of the project tempo settings. It allows you to add and edit tempo events.
Tempo Track
You can use the tempo track to create tempo changes within a project.
Tempo Changes for Projects
If the tempo track is activated, you can set up tempo changes for your project.
Setting up a Fixed Project Tempo
If your music does not contain tempo changes, and the tempo track is deactivated, you can set up a fixed tempo for your project.
Beat Calculator
The Beat Calculator is a tool for calculating the tempo of freely recorded audio or MIDI material. It also allows you to set the tempo by tapping.
Tempo Detection
You can detect the tempo of any rhythmic musical content, even if it has not been recorded to a metronome click or if it contains tempo drift.
Exporting a Tempo Track
You can export a tempo track as an XML file to use it in other projects.
Importing a Tempo Track in XML Format
You can import a tempo track in with file extension .smt from another project.
Process Tempo Dialog
The Process Tempo dialog allows you to set a range to a specific length or to adjust its end time by automatic adjustment of the tempo track.
Process Bars Dialog
The Process Bars dialog allows you to insert, delete, replace, or reinterpret the signature events by automatic adjustment of the signature and tempo events.
Time Warp
The Time Warp tool allows you to adjust musical positions of events or parts to time positions and to perform warp operations for individual time positions.
Copying Warp Markers to Other Events
You can copy warp markers from a selected event to other events in your project.
Set Definition from Tempo Dialog
The Set Definition from Tempo dialog allows you to set up freely recorded audio material to follow a specific tempo.
Time Signature Events
You can set up one or more time signatures for a project.
The Project Browser provides a list-based representation of the project. It allows you to view and edit all events on all tracks.
Project Browser Toolbar
The toolbar contains tools and settings for editing in the Project Browser.
Project Structure
The Project Structure allows you to select specific track types for viewing and editing in the event display. Depending on what track type you select, different items can be available in the Project Structure.
Event Display
The Project Browser event display allows you to view and edit the selected item.
You can render existing material to new audio material.
Render Tracks Dialog
The Render Tracks dialog allows you to customize the track render settings.
Render Selection Dialog
You can render selections of audio events and/or MIDI parts with default settings or with customized settings. The Render Selection dialog allows you to customize the selection render settings.
The Export Audio Mixdown function allows you to mix down and export all audio that is contained between the left and right locators of a project or in ranges defined by cycle markers.
Export Audio Mixdown Dialog
The Export Audio Mixdown dialog allows you to set up how audio is mixed down and exported.
Mixing Down to Audio Files
You can mix selected channels down to audio files.
Mixing Down to Audio Files Using Job Queues
You can mix down multiple audio files by creating a job queue. This allows you to export stems or cues, for example, even in different file formats. You can create up to 20 export jobs and add them to the job queue. Job queues are saved with the project.
Available Channels for Export
The Channel Selection section of the Export Audio Mixdown dialog contains a list of channels that you can export as an audio mixdown.
File Formats
The File Type pop-up menu in the File Format section allows you to select a format and make additional settings for the mixdown file.
Saving File Format Presets
You can create file format presets from your favorite or most used file format settings.
The networking functions allow you to collaborate with other users of Nuendo in a peer-to-peer network.
Networking Protocol and Ports
Nuendo uses 3 ports in your system for establishing communication, broadcasting messages and transferring data between users: UDP port 6990, TCP port 6991 and TCP port 6992.
Network Requirements
You can set up a network with both LAN and WAN connections. While LAN connections use broadcast messages to find other computers, WAN connections must be added manually.
Changing Your User Name
You can change your user name.
Permissions
If you want to share a project with others, you must give them permissions to join your project.
Project Folder Location
You can save your project folder on the local hard disk or on a file server.
Sharing Projects
You can share your project with other user in the network.
Joining Projects
You can join projects that other users shared in the network.
Working with Shared Projects
Any user who has write access to a shared project or separate tracks in it can make changes and commit these to the other users.
Resolving Network Communication Problems
Sometimes, network communication problems occur, and the network communication with a participant fails.
Chatting
You can chat with other users of shared projects. All network users can see the same chat window.
User Manager Dialog
The User Manager dialog allows you to set up lists of users, define their read and write permissions and save the settings as a permission preset.
Shared Projects Dialog
The Shared Projects dialog shows a list of all identified users and shared projects in the network, and allows you to connect to WAN (Wide Area Network) users.
Project Sharing and Permissions Dialog
The Project Sharing and Permissions dialog allows you to specify the user permissions for the active project.
Network Inspector Section
The Network section in the Inspector shows the network connection of the track. It allows you to handle the communication and transfer of updated files.
Network Controls on the Toolbar
The network controls in the Project window toolbar allow you to share or synchronize your project and to commit changes.
Network Track Controls
Synchronization is the process of getting 2 or more devices to play back together at the same speed, position, and phase. These devices can range from audio and video tape machines to digital audio workstations, MIDI sequencers, synchronization controllers, and digital video devices.
Master and Slave
Calling one device the master and another one the slave can lead to confusion. Therefore, the timecode relationship and the machine control relationship must be differentiated in this regard.
Timecode Formats
The position of any device is most often described using timecode. Timecode represents time using hours, minutes, seconds, and frames to provide a location for each device. Each frame represents a visual film or video frame.
Clock Sources
Frame Edge Alignment
There are 1600 samples of audio in one frame of video running at 48 kHz and 29.97 fps. Phase alignment adjusts the playback of Nuendo so that the precise sample of audio is lined up with the leading edge of the timecode frame.
Project Synchronization Setup Dialog
The Project Synchronization Setup dialog provides a central place to configure a complex synchronized system. In addition to settings for timecode sources and machine control settings, basic transport controls are available for testing the system.
MMC Master Panel
External Synchronization
9-Pin Auto Edit
Most 9-Pin devices such as VTRs have the capability of performing very accurate punch-ins and punch-outs on audio tracks. These punches are tied to video frames and are programmed using timecode. This type of recording is called an Auto Edit.
Setting up Synchronization for a Personal Music Studio
In a personal music studio, you might want to synchronize with an external recording device such as a portable hard disk recorder used for live remote recordings.
Setting up Synchronization for a Postproduction Suite
In audio for video postproduction, you often need to synchronize with a 9-Pin VTR in order to work with video material. At the same time the audio clock has to be synchronized with the video clock source to ensure that both audio and video run at the same speed.
Setting up Synchronization for a Theatrical Mixing Stage
A theatrical mixing stage or a dub stage is a large theater-sized room used to create the final mixdown for feature films that will be presented in theaters with surround sound. These types of studios are very complex, dealing with hundreds of audio tracks at once through large mixing consoles along with high-quality video and film playback systems.
VST System Link is a digital audio network system that allows you to link several computers using digital audio hardware and cables.
Nuendo is a full-featured postproduction media tool that allows you to work with video content and create complete soundtracks for your video.
Video File Compatibility
When working on a project involving a video file, you must make sure that the video file type works on your Nuendo system.
Frame Rates
Nuendo supports different video and film frame rates.
Video Output Devices
Nuendo supports several video output devices.
Preparations for Creating Video Projects
Before you can start working with video in Nuendo, some basic preparations must be made.
Preparations for Video Playback
You can play back imported video files from within Nuendo by using the transport controls.
Editing Video
Video events are created automatically when you import a video file.
Export Video
You can export a video file from your project. This allows you, for example, to share sections of intermediate results or finished videos with clients or other users.
Extracting Audio from Video
You can extract the audio stream of a video file on import.
Nuendo is a production tool that allows you to create music and sound design for film and video.
Video Timeline and the Grid
As opposed to music that uses bars and beats, video and film use frames as a basic measuring block for editing.
Import Production Audio
Nuendo allows you to import production audio to match the picture.
Video Cut Detection
The video cut detection function allows you to analyze video cuts between shots and to add markers at the detected cut positions. This is useful for editing the audio according to the cuts of a video if no edit decision list (EDL) is available.
Use Video Follows Edit Mode
The Use Video Follows Edit Mode allows you to edit audio while getting continuous visual feedback on the video display.
Event-Based Fades and Volume Envelopes
When working with picture, consider using event-based fades and volume envelopes.
Placing Audio to Picture
In Nuendo, you have several possibilities to insert the audio in your project and place it to the picture.
Adjusting and Editing Audio
In Nuendo, you have several possibilities to adjust and edit audio events in your project so that they match the picture.
When working on film projects, video postproduction editors typically transfer the film footage to video for use with computer video editing systems.
Pull-Down and Speed Changes
Pull-down is an algorithm for the frame rate conversion of film footage to the faster video frame rate.
Telecine Process
A telecine machine is the device used to transfer film to videotape. It transfers images from each frame of film to frames of video in a very specific way.
Compensating for Speed Changes
In Nuendo, there are 2 basic ways to compensate for speed changes due to film transfers.
Working with Video Tape Recorders
Whenever you are interfacing Nuendo with external hardware, some additional computer hardware may be necessary.
Tips
The ReConform function allows you to automatically adapt edited audio projects to new cut versions of video material.
Prerequisites
The following prerequisites are required to work with the ReConform function.
ReConform Workflow
The ReConform function automates most of the typical workflow that includes comparing old and new EDLs as well as applying the EDL changes correctly to the Nuendo project.
ReConform Dialog
The ReConform dialog contains the main user interface for the ReConform function.
EDLs
Edit Decision Lists (EDLs) form the basis of the ReConform function.
ReConform Settings
ReConform provides settings that allow you to configure the ReConform function and to automate several functions.
Video Preview
You can preview new and recut video material in the Video section of the ReConform dialog.
Nuendo supports a number of file formats that you can use to exchange files with other applications.
AES31 Files
The AES31 standard is an open file interchange format developed by the Audio Engineering Society that allows you to transfer projects from one workstation to another, retaining time positions, for example, of events, fades, and markers.
Cue Sheets
You can export a cue sheet that contains detailed information about audio, video, markers, and plug-ins used in your project.
OMF Files
Open Media Framework Interchange (OMFI) is a platform-independent file format that allows you to transfer digital media between different applications.
AAF Files
The Advanced Authoring Format (AAF) is a multimedia file format that allows you to exchange digital media and metadata between different systems and applications across multiple platforms. Metadata include fades, automation, and processing information.
ADM Files
Nuendo allows you to import Audio Definition Model (ADM) files, for example, complete Dolby Atmos premixes, for further mixing and editing. You can export your own Dolby Atmos mixes as fully compliant ADM files in Broadcast Wave Format (BWF) format.
MXF Files
Nuendo supports audio files in the MXF (Material Exchange Format) container format (OP1a for import only, and OP-Atom).
TTAL Files
Nuendo allows you to import and export script files in Netflix TTAL format which are used for language dubbing.
Key commands are assigned to most main menus and functions in Nuendo. They are stored as Preferences that are used for all your projects.
Key Commands Dialog
The Key Commands dialog allows you to view and edit key commands for the main menus and functions in Nuendo.
Assigning Key Commands
You can add key commands in the Key Commands dialog.
Searching for Key Commands
You can search for Nuendo functions in the Key Commands dialog. This is useful if you want to know which key command is assigned to a specific function.
Removing Key Commands
Setting up Macros
You can set up a combination of several functions or commands to be performed in one go as a macro.
Saving Complete Key Commands Settings as Presets
You can save key command settings as presets.
Saving Partial Key Commands Settings
You can save partial key command settings as presets.
Loading Key Command Presets
You can load key commands presets.
Resetting Key Commands
Key Sets
Nuendo comes with default key sets. Additionally, you can set up and save alternative key sets.
Default Key Commands
The default key commands are arranged in categories.
Setting up Tool Modifier Keys
You can set up tool modifier keys that allow you to get an alternative function when using a tool.
Disabling Key Commands
You can disable key commands.
In Nuendo you can organize windows and dialogs in workspaces, set up the appearance of specific elements, configure the main menu items, and save program settings as profiles.
Workspaces
Workspaces in Nuendo allow you to organize windows and specific dialogs for your common work routines.
Setup Options
You can customize the appearance of the following elements:
Configuring the Main Menu Items
You can configure what items are shown on the main menus and submenus, and even hide entire menus. By customizing the menus you can hide items relating to program functions you never use, to customize the program according to your needs.
Profiles
Profiles allow you to save customized program settings and preferences. You can switch between profiles, and import and export your profiles for use on different computers.
Windows Dialog
The Windows dialog allows you to manage open windows in Nuendo.
Where are the Settings Stored?
Safe Mode Dialog
The Safe Mode dialog contains troubleshooting options.
To get the most out of your Nuendo system, performance-wise, you can optimize specific settings.
Performance Aspects
Settings That Affect Performance
Audio Performance Window
The Audio Performance window shows the audio processing load and the hard disk transfer rate. This allows you to verify that you do not run into performance problems when adding effects or plug-ins, for example.
ASIO-Guard
The ASIO-Guard allows you to shift as much processing as possible from the ASIO real time path to the ASIO-Guard processing path. This results in a more stable system.
The Preferences dialog provides options and settings that control the global behavior of the program.
Preferences Dialog
The Preferences dialog is divided into a navigation list and a settings page. Clicking one of the entries in the navigation list opens a settings page.
Configuration
This section allows you to configure what items are shown on the main menus and submenus. You can also hide entire menus.
Editing
Editors
Event Display
The Event Display section contains several settings for customizing the display in the Project window.
General
The General page contains general settings that affect the program user interface. Set these according to your preferred work methods.
MIDI
This page contains settings that affect MIDI recording and playback.
MediaBay
Metering
Record
This page contains settings related to audio and MIDI recording.
Scores
Transport
This page contains options related to playback, recording, and positioning.
User Interface
This page contains options that allow you to adjust the default user interface colors.
VST
This page contains settings for the VST audio engine.
VariAudio
Video